usagi: daal's post was after mine. I now see this quotation presented by him. It looks like a bad translation has misled you, which makes me a little less baffled. I haven't got the original to check, but I think you can take it for granted that the Korean original did not use the Japanese word. That just doesn't happen.

This is one of the problems with cleaving to Japanese terms like hane, aji, tesuji. It's understandable, but when it comes to translating a book from Korean or Chinese, using the Anglo-Japanese terms for this does lead to mistakes and misunderstandings. Even the use of pure English "placement" in Nam's definition can be misleading. Some readers may think she means "oki". Again, I don't know exactly what she said in Korean, but I'd be surprised if it wasn't just non-technical noh-da (to put or to place) or chak-su. (For technical oki, Koreans use several different terms according to circumstance.)

I don't think the quote is a sound definition even in Korean (cf the better Nam one), which makes it twice as misleading. It should explain it refers only to basic haengma and that while access to the centre is nearly always a consideration, the actual move can be away from the centre. In the shape with black stones on D4 and C7 and white on F3, a Black move at D3 (as opposed to E3) is good haengma. The reason is partly to do with the later dynamic development of the Black shape at E7.

Incidentally, Black D3 is called shimari in Japanese but is just a ssang-jeom haeng-ma to a Korean haengmatist. A player who plays D3 in Japan might be said to have good suji (ii suji), sometimes rendered as good style, but I would wager that an average westerner reading that would focus on that move and, especially if he was told it was a shimari, on the territory in the corner. The Korean who is taught haengma, however, learns to focus on the group (or shape) as a whole and sees a follow-up E7 as a way of having access to the centre as well as defending the corner from certain invasions (defences which you have to learn separately, of course). The good shape element comes in when you consider that E3 leaves a weakness at C3.

I suppose that's the danger of using technical terms you don't properly understand from languages you don't speak.

Thanks, I learned some important things today, and not just about go in particular! I'd like to apologize once more, I was under the impression that hiraki meant any sort of extension because I had read some materials from the "hiraki foundation" and possibly misunderstood it from that (not that the hiraki foundation is at fault, I'm saying I had an incomplete or sketchy knowledge of the word due to not really having a lot of experience with how it was used before I started using it myself).

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Is 8 hiraki? There you go...

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be immersed

@Usagi: Thanks for settling the disagreement. As both a moderator and an observer, I was worried that it might blot out a very interesting discussion.

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Help make L19 more organized. Make an index: https://lifein19x19.com/viewtopic.php?f=14&t=5207

Does anyone know where the book "Modern Haengma Dictionary" can be purchased (I'm in the U.S.)? I didn't see it in any of my normal haunts.

Thanks. I'll have to check that out. Oddly enough, soon after reading your post I saw mention of this in the the AGA e-journal. Now I'm curious if you saw it there or if they saw your post and mentioned it, or if its purely coincidence that it came up twice within a day...