Collection of 7 Studies on the Origin of WeiQi and Ancient Chinese Astronomy and "Zhou Bi"
(by Chinese)

Author: Original article by Zhang Hu, copyright reserved

Link: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/648778697


Catalogue


1. Research on the Relationship between the Origin of WeiQi and Ancient Chinese Astronomy

2. The geometric proof and interpretation of the text related to the GouGu(勾股定理 Pythagorean) theorem in the Zhou Bi Suan Jing（周髀算经）

3. Exploring the "Cun(寸) Shadow Thousand Miles" in the Zhou Bi Suan Jing by Using the GouGu(Pythagorean) Proportional Relationship

4. Speculation on the year and latitude of shadow measurement in the Zhou Bi Suan Jing

5. "Middle（中）" - The Relationship between the Latitude of the Summer Solstice Shadow with a Length of 1 foot(尺) 6 Cun(寸) and the Ratio of the Three Circles of NiuHeLiang(牛河梁)

6. Historical speculation that the shadow of the summer solstice, measuring 1 foot(尺) 5 Cun(寸) in length, is located in the middle of the earth

7. On the Design Concept of Ancient Chinese WeiQi


(Table of Contents Completed)







围棋起源与古代天文学及“周髀”研究合集（共7篇）

作者：章浒 原创文章 保留版权

目录

1、围棋起源与中国古代天文学关系的研究

2、《周髀算经》“勾股定理”相关文字的图形证明与解读

3、利用勾股比例关系探索《周髀算经》的“寸影千里”

4、《周髀算经》测影年份与纬度推测

5、“中”—— 夏至影长1尺6寸的纬度与牛河梁三圜比例的关系

6、夏至影长1尺5寸处为“地中”的历史猜测

7、管窥中国古代围棋的设计理念


（目录完）

_________________
Zhang-hu 章浒
Committed to the restoration Chinese traditional Weiqi
Research on ancient Weiqi rules & Classic (Dunhuang Classic and the Thirteen Chapters Classic)
From Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China

This only works on weiqi boards of a certain age. Modern boards are likely to be made in the Japanese style, that is, rectangular. All we need now is Leonardo da Vinci's Vetruvian Man superimposed on a go board to make this collection of strangely similar images complete.

I have played on old Chinese boards manufactured before 1960. they had been imported by a friend's relatives as they returned to the USA form their religious missionary work. The boards were perfectly square, painted a gloriously brilliant red. The grid was hand drawn with thick black lines and the hoshi were large circles. The stones were some kind of plastic.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitruvian_Man

I'm not sure what "the Latitude of the Summer Solstice Shadow" is. Is it the axial tilt of the Earth? Then it's currently 23.44° but the angle varies slowly over centuries. Is the angle ε supposed to be the axial tilt of the Earth (or its value a few centuries ago)? Is it represented somewhere on the go board?

from Zhou Bi Suan Jing:
When the Wooden poles was 8 feet,
the Latitude of the Summer Solstice Noon Shadow with a Length of 1 foot(尺) 6 Cun(寸),
the Latitude of the Winter Solstice Noon Shadow with a Length of 13 feet(尺) and 5 Cun(寸).

Summer Solstice Noon: tan (90° - n° + ε° + ρ1) = 80/16

Winter Solstice Noon: tan (90° - n° - ε° + ρ2) = 80/135

astronomical refraction ρ1：0.0032° (0.19') 、ρ2：0.0267° (1.60')

>>>>>>> n° = 35.34455°(N) AND ε° = 24.03145°


So,we know that:

3108 BC, ε° ≈ 24.03°， n° ≈ （N）35.34°

at the Summer Solstice Noon: tan(90°-n°+ε°) = tan(90°-35.34°+24.03°) = 股/勾 ≈ 8/1.6 = 5/1

Spring and Autumn Equinox Noon: tan(90°-n°) = tan(90°-35.34°) = 股/勾 ≈ 5√2 ／5 = √2／1 = 1.4_


The predecessor of WeiQi and WeiQi board was a tool in ancient Chinese astronomy.

_________________
Zhang-hu 章浒
Committed to the restoration Chinese traditional Weiqi
Research on ancient Weiqi rules & Classic (Dunhuang Classic and the Thirteen Chapters Classic)
From Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China

So a wooden pole was placed at latitude 35.34°. At summer solstice the ratio (shadow of the pole)/(length of the pole) was 1/5.
Which place (city) was at latitude 35.34° ?

Which place (city) is an interesting asking. But, it is not the key, the key is 3 rings from the inscribed and circumscribed circles of asquare. The Three Rings Mathematical Universe Model of Ancient China.



Maybe you know, Beijing Temple of Heaven Third Ring:



35.34°（N）latitude：




Puyang Star Map of XiShuiPo Site，6500 years ago ：

_________________
Zhang-hu 章浒
Committed to the restoration Chinese traditional Weiqi
Research on ancient Weiqi rules & Classic (Dunhuang Classic and the Thirteen Chapters Classic)
From Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China

I'd have guessed it was Qufu, the capital of Lu.

35.34° is rather exact, one minute of a degree is just 1.852 km. The modern administrative building plaza has its southern edge almost exactly there. On the other hand most of the original sites that remain appear (on first impression) to be around 35.35° - 35.37°.

We all know that the ancient myth is true, that UFO wheels sent the game down 笑

NiuHeLiang Hongshan culture, ca. 5500-5000 years ago, and NiuHeLiang three rings site, 5000±130 years ago. The NiuHeLiang 3 rings and squares in Liaoning, and the Three Rings of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing, their ancient astronomical meanings, and their relationship to the origins of the game of WeiQi.

Feng Shi's Astronomy and Humanities in Ancient China, pp. 300-301, on the deduction of the three rings and ancient rulers of the Hongshan culture, "1 foot = 20 centimeters, so D1 (note: diameter of the inner ring) = 55 feet, D2 (note: diameter of the middle ring) = 78 feet, D3 (note: diameter of the outer ring) = 110 feet..."

55 feet : 78 feet : 110 feet = 1 : √2 : 2.

The statement, "A square cuts inside a circle, a circle cuts inside a square, and continues to cut and cut inside... You can get three circles. The proportionality of the diameters (radii) of these three rings is 1 : √2 : 2, an geometric series", which explains the astronomical meaning of the Hongshan Culture's Three Wonders construction example and the ancient mathematical basis.

Translated with DeepL.com (free version)

_________________
Zhang-hu 章浒
Committed to the restoration Chinese traditional Weiqi
Research on ancient Weiqi rules & Classic (Dunhuang Classic and the Thirteen Chapters Classic)
From Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China