Understanding the Star PointAs I was implying last time, using Star Points wasn't exactly my strong suit. I mean, what's the point of a corner stone that needs TWO MORE MOVES to prevent an invasion???

Yeah, I know, I know: "Star Points are flexible, they develop quickly and emphasizes influence over direct territory"...

Bla bla bla, whatever!

...
Anyway, using the Star Point was my
Weak Point #3.
Somehow, to play White successfully, I had to tame this particular corner stone and its many offspring named 'joseki'. The task at hand looking huge already, I decided that tactical stuff (like what to do when my opponent didn't follow the correct sequence) would have to wait until it actually happened in my games. Nonetheless, it wasn't the first time I tried to get a hold of joseki and such, and usually I ended up forgetting it all after a month or so because very few of them actually happened during my games. So I had to change something in the way I studied this subject: just reading a dictionary and trying applying it randomly afterwards wasn't any good. If I could classify them somehow... If I could 'translate' the general intention of each branching move, then maybe it'll be easier to have a grasp of each sequence.
As the weeks passed I came up with a rough classification, but since all this happened many months ago, I'll show you my up-to-date conclusions.
First of all, if White wanted to develop the top side, then approaching farther away around 'a' instead of 1 would avoid a possible pincer at b. The approach's aim (I think) is mainly to settle quickly around Black's corner before his development on the sides gets out of hand.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White will settle quickly in this area
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . 1 . b b a .
$$ | . . . X . . . b b , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
Secondly, if there is a very big or urgent move to play somewhere else, Black can tenuki with no problem, because the high position of the Star Point makes it quite difficult to attack...
If White plays a low second approach, for example, Black can either strengthen himself by leaning at a, or diagonal at b to either tenuki a second time or try building influence next.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Black can handle the situation
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . O . . . . .
$$ | . . . X . a . . . , .
$$ | . . . . b . . . . . .
$$ | . . 1 a . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
Even if the second approach is high, Black can still lean at 'a' and be safe. In conclusion, although White will profit locally, if Black's compensation somewhere else is good enough, he shouldn't hesitate to tenuki after his Star Point is being approached.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Black is still fine
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . O . . . . .
$$ | . . . X . a . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . 1 a . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
But locally, Black will have to decide which area is the more important. If he wanted to take
the corner, he should have played at 1 before White (although a ko within would still be possible), or played another corner stone to begin with. Anyway, once White approached, Black will either prioritize
the back side (here, at the left) by extending at 'a' or
the front one (here, at the top) by pincering at 'b'. While other moves are playable as well, I chose those four alone in order to decrease the burden of my study, since they are common and practical.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W A choice between the front and the back
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . 1 . b . . .
$$ | . . . X . . . . b , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . a a . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
Black plays at 1 to prevent a double approach while trying to take sente. Then, it's White's turn to decide what's bigger: the corner or the front side? If it's the corner and she doesn't mind Black building a wall facing the side, then she'll invade at 'a'. If she wants to develop or neutralize the front side, then she'll extend around 'b'. If both are about as valuable, then she'll settle in between by sliding at 'c'.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$ The corner, the side, or...?
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . c . . . . . . .
$$ | . . a . . O . . b b .
$$ | . . . X . . . . b b .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 1 . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
When White slides at 1, she's giving back to Black the choice between keeping a piece of the corner at 'a' and going for the side at 'b'.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Again: the corner or the side?
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . 1 . . . . . . .
$$ | . . a . . O b b . . .
$$ | . . . X . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . X . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
Black jumps at 1 when he wants to develop the back side and doesn't mind ending in gote.
Like before, White will choose between taking the corner at 'a', developing her own side at 'b', or settle in between at 'c'.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$ Developing in gote
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . c . . . . . . .
$$ | . . a . . O . . b b .
$$ | . . . X . . . . b b .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . 1 . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
When Black pincers tightly at 1, he usually wants to spoil the front side in sente (though he has to be careful of a possible counter-pincer if White is strong in the opposite corner). Next, if the center is particularly valuable, White will jump at 'a'. If the corner is bigger, which is usually the case, she'll either take it directly at 'b' and bear with Black building a wall facing the front with no problem, or change sides first at 'c' to complicate things a bit, or 'd' to better develop the back side.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$ Spoiling the front side in sente
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . b . . O . 1 . . .
$$ | . . . X . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . a . . . . .
$$ | . . c d . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
After White's jump, if the back side is the more important one, Black will defend at 'a' and sacrifice his pincer in sente. If it's the front side, he will settle his pincer there after keeping pressure on White with 'b'.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W White seeks control of the center
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . O . X . . .
$$ | . . . X . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . 1 . . . . .
$$ | . . a b . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
If White invades the corner after changing sides with a low second approach at 1, Black can still build a wall facing the front side with the descent at a, or turn it the other way with b instead.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Towards which side building a wall?
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 3 a . O . X . . .
$$ | . . b X . 2 . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 1 . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
If Black decides to follow through his original plan, the difference with White invading the corner without changing sides first is that:
_ if she connects at 'a', a later Black's approach from the back side won't be so painful anymore
_ if she descends at 'b', either Black's group will be undermined or he'll lose sente to repair his shape
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$ Not the same
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . b . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . O 1 . O . X . . .
$$ | . . 2 X . X . . . , .
$$ | . . a 3 . . . . . . .
$$ | . . O . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
When Black pincers loosely at 1, he either wants to develop the front side or to prevent White from doing so. Next, White can jump at 'a' if the front is too valuable to give up. If the corner is bigger, which is usually the case, she'll either take it directly at 'b' and bear with Black building a wall facing the front with no problem, or change sides first at 'c' or 'd' to complicate things a bit.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$ The front side is the focus of attention
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . b . . O . . . . .
$$ | . . . X . . . . 1 , .
$$ | . . . . . a . . . . .
$$ | . . c d . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
After changing sides with a low second approach at 1, White can start a fight with a hane at 'a' or mess with Black by taking the corner at 'b'
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Complications
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . b . . O . . . . .
$$ | . . . X . 2 a . X , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 1 . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
If White invades the corner at 1, locally, Black would have a better shape by building a wall facing the back side with the descent at 'a'. But if he still regards the front side as the desirable one, he might indulge White and block at b instead.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Messing with Black
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 1 . b O b . . . .
$$ | . . a X . X . . X , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . O . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
After changing sides with a high second approach at 1, White can peacefully develop the back side by playing the hane at 'a' before taking the corner at 'b', or mess with Black by invading directly at 'b'.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Two very different ways
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . b . . O . . . . .
$$ | . . . X . 2 a . X , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . 1 . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
If White invades the corner at 1, locally, Black would have a better shape by building a wall facing the back side with the descent at 'a'. But if he still regards the front side as the desirable one, he might indulge White and block at b instead.
- Click Here To Show Diagram Code
[go]$$W Local vs. global
$$ -----------------------
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . 1 . b O . . . . .
$$ | . . a X . X . . X , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . O . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .
$$ | . . . , . . . . . , .
$$ | . . . . . . . . . . .[/go]
Those are my conclusions as of today. I believe I've come a long way since the beginning of 2015, even though I'm aware some of the reasons I came up with for the branching moves might not be accurate and will probably change in the future as my understanding of the Star Point deepen... That and there are a lot of options for both sides I didn't even try to study for lack of time. But even so, we can say I have now a general idea as to how to use the Star Point, right?

...

... Right?

...I mean, come on!

...
(To be continued)